URODYNAMICS – A STUDY OF BLADDER PRESSURE ON FILLING
The bladder of children who have had posterior urethral valve at times continue to generate high pressure. High back pressure can worsen the kidney function over time and result in kidney failure. Some of the conditions with leaking of urine can also have high bladder pressure and result in urine infections and kidney failure over […]
PLASTIBELL TECHNIQUE – THE 5 MINUTE OUTPATIENT CIRCUMCISION
Instead of cutting and stitching the foreskin, a ring is placed in the space inside the foreskin and a string tied tightly. This slowly cuts and the skin fuses, and the ring with the excess skin falls off in 8 to 10 days. A numbing cream is applied to the base of the penis and […]
INJECTION TREATMENT FOR VUR
VUR can also be treated by injection of a material into the wall of the ureter from within the bladder at endoscopy (cystoscopy). Two techniques are called STING or HIT. There is no wound, pain or tube or hospital stay, but it has a lesser success rate than surgery, and reflux can recur over time. […]
KEYHOLE SURGERY FOR HYDRONEPHROSIS DUE TO PUJ OBSTRUCTION
Pelviureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction is one of the causes of severe hydronephrosis. When surgery is required to resolve the blockage of PUJ obstruction that caused the hydronephrosis, open or keyhole surgery are equally successful. Laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery is advisable when it is important to reduce the size or noticeability of the scar and is generally […]
KEYHOLE SURGERY FOR DUPLEIX KIDNEYS
Dupleix means double. Dupleix kidneys have double ureters opening one below the other. They have a higher chance of obstruction and reflux, presenting with urinary infection. Rarely, the location may be so extreme that it may open outside the bladder and urine keeps leaking. The traditional choices have been to remove that abnormal part of […]
NEUROGENIC BLADDER
Children who have had surgery for swellings of the midline back have the potential to slowly develop unrecognised kidney damage,. A paediatric urology assessment at birth and every 6 months till 6 years of age is advisable to prevent them growing into renal failure. This is all the more imperative if the children have a […]
BEDWETTING, URINARY INCONTINENCE
Bedwetting is common in those under six years of age. When it becomes a social problem, a checklist tells us whether any investigation is required. If there is a no abnormality, medicine is available for use as and when needed. Sometimes the wetting of undergarments goes on night and day unrelated to sleep. Click the […]
HYPOSPADIAS
Hypospadias is the condition where the urethral opening is on the under surface of the penis. When the opening is close to the head of the penis, surgery can make it look like a circumcised penis. When the penis is bent over very far, it is usually done in two stages with a gap of […]
VAGINAL / VULVAL / LABIAL SYNECHIAE / SYNEKIAE
It is the sticking together of the labia minora in girls from 1 to 8 years of age. Parents may suddenly notice that the vaginal and urinary openings are not to be seen. It opens up by itself much before puberty. Some have discomfort while passing urine or it might come to light after a […]
SINGLE KIDNEY, SOLITARY KIDNEY
A single kidney if normal, is enough to have a full normal life. Most often it follows disappearance of a multicystic dysplastic kidney. Sometimes the missing kidney can be found by DMSA scan to be present and functional in an abnormal location. Children in whom one kidney did not form at all may have a […]
MULTICYSTIC KIDNEY
These are instances when many empty spaces are seen within the kidney. The most common type also is the least harmful the “Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney”(MCDK), where one kidney is fully destroyed and replaced with cysts. Since some growths in the newborn kidney also look like this, they all need to be reassessed at birth; a […]
DTPA DMSA ISOTOPE or NUCLEAR SCANS
DTPA diuretic renal scan is used to measure the severity of obstruction in hydronephrosis. DMSA scan shows the functioning meat of the kidney. It is used to assess if the kidney has been damaged after an infection in children with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) and to identify a missing on non-functioning kidney. It is safe because […]
MCU (VCUG) WITHOUT TEARS
A Micturating Cystourethrogram is used to show the bladder, urethra and the presence or absence of vesicoureteric reflux. For doing MCU, a dye that can be seen on Xray is put into the bladder using a catheter and its passage watched live on a TV screen. In paediatric urology centres, the paediatric urologist themselves do […]
URINE INFECTION IN CHILDREN
Ultrasound examination and MCU (micturating cystourethrogram, also called Voiding Cystourethrogram) are the two imaging investigations done to pick up conditions that can indicate a future risk for kidney damage. Based on the risk assessment further investigations that may be needed include cystoscopy, nuclear scans (DMSA, DTPA, in some centres EC and MAG3 are preferred). In […]
UNDESCENDED TESTIS
Testis that has not reached the bottom of the scrotum by 3 months of age (4months age in preterm) will not come down after that. Previously it was customary to wait upto 1 year of age. But now, as we know that the maturation gets affected, the testis is to be brought down surgically between […]
PUV (POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVE)
PUV (POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVE)
ANTENATAL HYDRONEPHROSIS
ANTENATAL HYDRONEPHROSIS
